GB/T 3995-2014 高铝质隔热耐火砖/High aluminum heat insulating firebrick
高铝质隔热耐火砖
1范围
本标准规定了高铝质隔热耐火砖的分类及形状尺寸、技术要求、试验方法、质量评定程序、包装、标志、运输、储存及质量证明书。
本标准适用于热工窑炉隔热层或直接接触高温熔融物料工作层的高铝质隔热耐火砖。
2规范性引用文件
下列文件对于本文件的应用是必不可少的。凡是注日期的引用文件,仅注日期的版本适用于本文件。凡是不注日期的引用文件,其最新版本(包括所有的修改单)适用于本文件。
GB/T 2992.1耐火砖形状尺寸第1部分:通用砖。
GB/T 2998定形隔热耐火制品 体积密度和真气孔率试验方法。
GB/T 5072耐火材料 常温耐压强度试验方法。
GB/T 5988耐火材料 加热永久线变化试验方法。
GB/T 6900铅硅系耐火材料化学分析方法。
GB/T 7321定形耐火制品试样制备方法。
GB/T 10325定形耐火制品验收抽样检验规则。
GB/T 10326定形耐火制品尺寸、外观及断面的检查方法。
GB/T 16546定形耐火制品包装、标志、运输和储存。
GB/T 16763定形隔热耐火制品分类。
GB/T 21114耐火材料 X射线荧光光谱化学分析 熔铸玻璃片法。
YB/T 4130耐火材料 导热系数试验方法(水流量平板法)。
3术语和定义及符号
GB/T 10325界定的术语和定义及符号适用于本文件。
4分类及形状尺寸
4.1分类
砖按化学成分分为低铁高铝质隔热耐火砖和普通高铝质隔热耐火砖两类,见表1。型号中 D、L、G分别为低、铝、隔的汉语拼音首字母;170,160、······,125等分别代表砖的分级温度(加热永久线变化的试验温度)的前三位数:1.3、1.0、······,,0.5等分别代表砖的体积密度;末尾的L 表示该牌号的体积密度低于GB/T 16763的规定值。
4.2形状尺寸
砖的形状及尺寸应符合GB/T 2992.1的规定，也可按需方图样制造。
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表1高铝质隔热耐火砖的分类及型号 |
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分类 |
型号 |
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低铁高铝质 |
DLG 170-1.3L |
DLG 160-1.0L |
DLG 150-0.8L |
DLG 140-0.7L |
DLG 135-0.6L |
DLG 125-0.5L |
|
普通高铝质 |
LG 140-1.2 |
LG 140-1.0 |
LG 140-0.8L |
LG 135-0.7L |
LG 135-0.6L |
LG 125-0.5L |
5技术要求
5.1低铁高铝质隔热耐火砖的理化指标应符合表2的规定。
5.2普通高铅质隔热耐火砖的理化指标应符合表3的规定。
5.3砖的尺寸允许偏差及外观应符合表4的规定。
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表2低铁高铝质隔热耐火砖的理化指标 |
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项 目 |
指 标 |
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DLG170-1.3L |
DLG160-1.0L |
DLG150-0.8L |
DLG140-0.7L |
DLG135-0.6L |
DLG125-0.5L |
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|
w(Al2O3)/% |
μ0≥ |
72 |
60 55 |
50 |
50 |
48 |
|
|
σ |
1.0 |
||||||
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w(Fe2O3)/% |
μ0≤ |
1.0 |
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|
σ |
0.1 |
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体积密度/(g/cm³) |
μ0≤ |
1.3 |
1.0 |
0.8 |
0.7 |
0.6 |
0.5 |
|
σ |
0.05 |
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常温耐压强度/MPa |
μ0≥ |
5.0 |
3.0 |
2.5 |
2.0 |
1.5 |
1.2 |
|
σ |
1.0 |
0.5 |
0.2 |
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Xmin |
4.5 |
2.5 |
2.0 |
1.5 |
1.2 |
1.0 |
|
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加热永久线变化/%(T/℃x12h) |
试验温度 T/℃ |
1 700 |
1 600 |
1 500 |
1 400 |
1 350 |
1 250 |
|
Xmin~ X max |
-1.0~0.5 |
-2.0~1.0 |
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导热系数/[W/(m·K)]≤平均温度(350±25)℃ |
0.60 |
0.50 |
0.35 |
0.30 |
0.25 |
0.20 |
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表3普通高铝质隔热耐火砖的理化指标 |
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项目 |
指 标 |
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LG140-1.2 |
LG140-1.0 |
LG140-0.8L |
LG135-0.7L |
LG135-0.6L |
LG125-0.5L |
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w(Al2O3)/% |
μ0≥ |
48 |
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|
σ |
1 |
||||||
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w(Fe2O3)/% |
μ0≤ |
2 |
|||||
|
σ |
0.3 |
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体积密度/(g/cm) |
μ0≤ |
1.2 |
1 |
0.8 |
0.7 |
0.6 |
0.5 |
|
σ |
0.05 |
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常温耐压强度/MPa |
μ0≥ |
4.5 |
3.5 |
2.5 |
2.2 |
1.6 |
1.2 |
|
σ |
1 |
0.5 |
0.2 |
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Xmin |
4 |
3 |
2.2 |
2 |
1.5 |
1 |
|
|
加热永久线变化/%(T/℃x12 h) |
试验温度T/℃ |
1 400 |
1 350 |
1 250 |
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Xmin~ X max |
-2~1.0 |
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导热系数/[W/(m·K)]≤平均温度(350士25)℃ |
0.55 |
0.5 |
0.35 |
0.3 |
0.25 |
0.2 |
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表4砖的尺寸允许偏差及外观 单位为毫米 |
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项目 |
指标 |
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LG |
DLG |
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尺寸允许偏差 |
尺寸≤100 |
士1.5 |
±1.0 |
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尺寸101~250 |
士2 |
士1.0 |
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尺寸251~400 |
±3 |
±1.5 |
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扭曲 |
长度101~250 |
1 |
0.8 |
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长度251~400 |
1.5 |
1,0 |
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缺棱长度(a+b+c) |
≤ |
60 |
35 |
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缺角长度(e+f+g) |
60 |
55 |
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熔洞直径 |
5.0 |
5.0 |
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裂纹长度 |
宽度≤0.25 |
不限制 |
不限制 |
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宽度0.26~10 |
30 |
30 |
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宽度>1.0 |
不准有 |
不准有 |
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相对边差 |
厚度 |
1.0 |
1.0 |
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注1:根据用户需求可对砖的一个主要尺寸进行分档。 |
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6试验方法
6.1砖的检验制样按GB/T 7321进行。
6.2化学成分的测定按GB/T 6900或按GB/T 21114进行。
6.3体积密度的检验按GB/T 2998进行。
6.4常温耐压强度的检验按GB/T 5072进行。
6.5加热永久线变化的检验按GB/T 5988进行
6.6导热系数的检验按YB/T 4130(水流量平板法)进行。
6.7砖的尺寸、外观及断面的检查按 GB/T 10326 进行。
7质量评定程序
7.1组批
砖应按同一牌号进行组批,每批不超过 50 t。
7.2抽样及验收
砖的抽样与验收按 GB/T 10325 进行。
体积密度、常温耐压强度、加热永久线变化为验收项目。
8包装、标志、运输、储存及质量证明书
8.1 砖的包装、标志、运输和储存应按GB/T 16516进行:特殊情况由供、需双方另行约定。
8.2产品发出时,应附有供方质量监督部门签发的质量证明书,载明:供方名称、需方名称、发货日期、合同号、产品名称、适用标准号、牌号、砖号及理化指标检验结果等。
High aluminum heat insulating firebrick
1 Range
This standard specifies the classification, shape and size, technical requirements, test methods, quality assessment procedures, packaging, marking, transportation, storage and quality certificates of high alumina heat-insulating firebricks.
This standard applies to high alumina thermal insulating refractory bricks in thermal kiln insulation or in direct contact with the working layer of high temperature molten material.
2 Normative reference documents
The following documents are essential for the application of this document. For dated references, the date-only version applies to this document. For undated references, the latest version (including all amendment orders) applies to this document.
GB/T 2992.1 Shape and dimensions of refractory bricks – Part 1: general purpose bricks.
Test method for bulk density and true porosity of GB/T 2998 shaped heat-insulating refractory products.
GB/T 5072 refractories – normal temperature compressive strength test method.
GB/T 5988 refractory heating permanent line change test method.
GB/T 6900 – Method for chemical analysis of lead-silicon refractories.
GB/T 7321 shaped refractory product sample preparation method.
GB/T 10325 shaped refractory products acceptance sampling inspection rules.
GB/T 10326 shaped refractory products size, appearance and section inspection method.
GB/T 16546 shaped refractory products packaging, marking, transportation and storage.
GB/T 16763 shaped heat insulation refractory products classification.
GB/T 21114 refractories by X-ray fluorescence spectrochemical analysis of fused cast glass sheets.
YB/T 4130 refractory thermal conductivity test method (water flow plate method).
3 Terms and definitions and symbols
The terms and definitions and symbols defined in GB/T 10325 apply to this document.
4 Classification and shape size
4.1 Classification
According to the chemical composition, the bricks are divided into two categories: low iron and high aluminum heat insulating refractory bricks and ordinary high aluminum heat insulating refractory bricks, as shown in Table 1. In the model, D, L and G are the initial letters of low, aluminum and separated Chinese pinyin respectively; 170,160, and 125 respectively represent the first three digits of the classification temperature of the brick (the test temperature of the change of the heating permanent line) :1.3, 1.0, and 0.5 respectively represent the bulk density of the brick; The L at the end indicates that the volume density of the grade is lower than the specified value of GB/T 16763.
4.2 Shape and Size
The shape and size of the brick shall comply with the provisions of GB/T 2992.1, and can also be manufactured according to the drawing of the customer.
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Table 1 Classification and type of high alumina heat insulating refractory brick |
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Sort |
Model number |
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Low iron and high aluminum |
DLG 170-1.3L |
DLG 160-1.0L |
DLG 150-0.8L |
DLG 140-0.7L |
DLG 135-0.6L |
DLG 125-0.5L |
|
Ordinary high aluminum |
LG 140-1.2 |
LG 140-1.0 |
LG 140-0.8L |
LG 135-0.7L |
LG 135-0.6L |
LG 125-0.5L |
5 Technical Requirements
5.1 The physical and chemical indexes of low-iron and high-aluminum heat-insulating firebricks shall comply with the provisions of Table 2.
5.2 The physical and chemical indexes of ordinary high lead heat insulation refractory bricks shall comply with the provisions of Table 3.
5.3 The permissible size deviation and appearance of the brick shall comply with the provisions of Table 4.
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Table 2 Physical and chemical indexes of low-iron and high-aluminum heat-insulating refractory bricks |
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Item |
Index |
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|
DLG170-1.3L |
DLG160-1.0L |
DLG150-0.8L |
DLG140-0.7L |
DLG135-0.6L |
DLG125-0.5L |
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|
w(Al2O3)/% |
μ0≥ |
72 |
60 55 |
50 |
50 |
48 |
|
|
σ |
1.0 |
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|
w(Fe2O3)/% |
μ0≤ |
1.0 |
|||||
|
σ |
0.1 |
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Bulk density/(g/cm3) |
μ0≤ |
1.3 |
1.0 |
0.8 |
0.7 |
0.6 |
0.5 |
|
σ |
0.05 |
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Compressive strength at room temperature/MPa |
μ0≥ |
5.0 |
3.0 |
2.5 |
2.0 |
1.5 |
1.2 |
|
σ |
1.0 |
0.5 |
0.2 |
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Xmin |
4.5 |
2.5 |
2.0 |
1.5 |
1.2 |
1.0 |
|
|
Heating permanent line change/% |
Test temperature T/℃ |
1 700 |
1 600 |
1 500 |
1 400 |
1 350 |
1 250 |
|
Xmin~ X max |
-1.0~0.5 |
-2.0~1.0 |
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Thermal conductivity /[W/(m·K)]≤ average temperature (350±25)℃ |
0.60 |
0.50 |
0.35 |
0.30 |
0.25 |
0.20 |
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Table 3 Physical and chemical indexes of common high-alumina heat-insulating refractory bricks |
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Item |
Index |
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LG140-1.2 |
LG140-1.0 |
LG140-0.8L |
LG135-0.7L |
LG135-0.6L |
LG125-0.5L |
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|
w(Al2O3)/% |
μ0≥ |
48 |
|||||
|
σ |
1 |
||||||
|
w(Fe2O3)/% |
μ0≤ |
2 |
|||||
|
σ |
0.3 |
||||||
|
Bulk density/(g/cm3) |
μ0≤ |
1.2 |
1 |
0.8 |
0.7 |
0.6 |
0.5 |
|
σ |
0.05 |
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|
Compressive strength at room temperature/MPa |
μ0≥ |
4.5 |
3.5 |
2.5 |
2.2 |
1.6 |
1.2 |
|
σ |
1 |
0.5 |
0.2 |
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Xmin |
4 |
3 |
2.2 |
2 |
1.5 |
1 |
|
|
Heating permanent line change/% |
Test temperature T/℃ |
1 400 |
1 350 |
1 250 |
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Xmin~ X max |
-2~1.0 |
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Thermal conductivity /[W/(m·K)]≤ average temperature (350±25)℃ |
0.55 |
0.5 |
0.35 |
0.3 |
0.25 |
0.2 |
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Table 4 The unit of allowable size deviation and appearance of bricks is mm |
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Item |
Index |
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LG |
DLG |
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Allowable deviation of dimension |
Dimension≤100 |
士1.5 |
±1.0 |
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Dimension101~250 |
士2 |
士1.0 |
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Dimension251~400 |
±3 |
±1.5 |
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Distortion |
Length101~250 |
1 |
0.8 |
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Length251~400 |
1.5 |
1,0 |
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Missing Angle length(a+b+c) |
≤ |
60 |
35 |
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Missing edge length(e+f+g) |
60 |
55 |
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Hole diameter |
5.0 |
5.0 |
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Crack length |
Breadth≤0.25 |
No limit |
No limit |
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Breadth0.26~10 |
30 |
30 |
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Breadth>1.0 |
Be forbidden from |
Be forbidden from |
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Relative edge difference |
Thickness |
1.0 |
1.0 |
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Note 1: A major size of brick can be graded according to user requirements. Note 2: Low-iron and high-aluminum heat-insulating refractory bricks should be ground and processed, and ordinary high-aluminum heat-insulating refractory bricks can be ground by agreement between the supply and demand parties. |
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6 Test methods
6.1 Bricks shall be inspected and prepared according to GB/T 7321.
6.2 Chemical composition shall be determined according to GB/T 6900 or GB/T 21114.
6.3 The bulk density is tested according to GB/T 2998.
6.4 The compressive strength at room temperature shall be tested according to GB/T 5072.
6.5 The test of the change of the heating permanent line is carried out according to GB/T 5988
6.6 The thermal conductivity is tested according to YB/T 4130(water flow plate method).
6.7 The inspection of the size, appearance and section of the brick shall be carried out according to GB/T 10326.
7 Quality assessment procedures
7.1 Batch
Bricks shall be made in batches of the same grade, each batch not exceeding 50 t.
7.2 Sampling and acceptance
Sampling and acceptance of bricks shall be carried out according to GB/T 10325.
Bulk density, pressure strength at room temperature, heating permanent line changes are the acceptance items.
8 Packing, marking, transportation, storage and quality certificate
8.1 The packaging, marking, transportation and storage of bricks shall be carried out in accordance with GB/T 16516: in special cases, the supply and demand shall be separately agreed by both parties.
8.2 When the products are issued, the quality certificate issued by the quality supervision department of the supplier shall be attached, indicating the name of the supplier, the name of the demander, the date of delivery, the contract number, the name of the product, the applicable standard number, the brand number, the brick number and the test result of physical and chemical index.
