GB/T 2275-2017 镁砖和镁铝砖/ Magnesia brick and magnesia aluminum brick
镁砖和镁铝砖
1.范围
本标准规定了镁砖、镁铝砖及镁铝尖品石砖的术语和定义、分类、形状尺寸、技术要求、试验方法、质量评定程序、包装、标志、运输、储存及质量证明书。
本标准适用于钢铁、有色金属及建材等工业案炉用镁砖、镁留砖及镁尖品石砖。
2 规范性引用文件
下列文件对于本文件的应用是必不可少的。凡是注日期的引用文件,仅注日期的版本适用于本文凡是不注日期的引用文件.其最新版本(包括所有的修改单)适用于本文件。
GB/T 2992.1 耐火砖形状尺寸 第 1部分:通用砖。
GB/T 2997致密定形耐火制品体积密度、显气孔率和真气孔率试验方法。
GB/T 5069镁铝系耐火材料化学分析方法。
GB/T 5072耐火材料 常温耐压强度试验方法。
GB/T 5988耐火材料 加热永久线变化试验方法。
GB/T 7321定形耐火制品试样制备方法。
GB/T 10325定形耐火制品验收抽样检验规则。
GB/T 10326定形耐火制品尺寸、外观及断面的检查方法。
GB/T 16546定形耐火制品包装、标志、运输和储存。
GB/T 21114耐火材料，X 射线荧光光谱化学分析熔铸玻璃片法。
GB/T 30873 2014 耐火材料 抗热震性试验方法。
YB/T 370耐火材料 荷重软化温度试验方法(非示差-升温法)。
3.术语和定义
GB/T 10325 界定的以及下列术语和定义适用于本文件。
3.1镁砖 magnesia brick
以镁砂为主要原料.经高温烧制而成的以方镁石为主要矿物组成的碱性耐火制品。
3.2镁铝砖 magnesia alumina brick
以镁砂和刚玉或铝职土为主要原料,在高温下饶制而成的以方镁石为主矿相、以镁铝尖品石为结合相的碱性耐火制品。
3.3续织尖晶石砖 magnesia alumina spinel brick
以镁砂与尖品石为主要原料,在高温下烧制而成的以方镁石和镁铝尖品石为主要矿物组成的战性耐火制品。
4.分类、形状尺寸
按矿物组成分为镁砖、镁铝砖及镁铝尖品石砖,按理化指标镁砖分为 7 个牌号,镁铝砖分为1个牌号,镁铝尖晶石砖分为4个牌号,具体见表 1。牌号中 M、LJ分别为镁、铝、尖的汉语拼音首字母,其后的阿拉伯数字和字母分别代表氧化镁的质量分数和产品级别。
表1镁砖、镁铝砖及镁铝尖晶石砖的分类和牌号
|
分 类 |
牌号 |
||||||
|
镁 砖 |
M-98 |
M-97A |
M-97B |
M-95A |
M-95B |
M-91 |
M-89 |
|
镁铝砖 |
ML-80 |
||||||
|
镁铝尖晶石砖 |
MLJ-90 |
MLJ-85 |
MLJ-80 |
MLJ-75 |
|||
4.2 砖的形状尺寸应符合 GB/T 2992.1,亦可按用户的要求进行。
5.技术要求
5.1镁砖的理化指标应符合表 2 的规定。
表 2 镁砖的理化指标
|
项目 |
指 标 |
|||||||||
|
M-98 |
M-97A |
M-97B |
M-95A |
M-95B |
M-91 |
M-89 |
||||
|
w(MgO)/% |
μ0≥ |
97.5 |
97.0 |
96.5 |
95.0 |
94.5 |
91.0 |
89.0 |
||
|
σ |
1.0 |
1.5 |
||||||||
|
w(SiO₂)/% |
μ0≤ |
1.00 |
1.20 |
1.50 |
2.00 |
2.50 |
– |
– |
||
|
σ |
0.30 |
|||||||||
|
w(CaO)/% |
μ0≤ |
– |
– |
– |
2.00 |
2.00 |
3.00 |
3.00 |
||
|
σ |
0.30 |
|||||||||
|
显气孔率/% |
μ0≤ |
16 |
16 |
18 |
16 |
18 |
18 |
20 |
||
|
σ |
1.5 |
|||||||||
|
体积密度/(g/cm3) |
μ0≥ |
3.00 |
3.00 |
2.95 |
2.90 |
2.85 |
||||
|
σ |
0.03 |
|||||||||
|
常温耐压强度/MPa |
μ0≥ |
60 |
60 |
60 |
60 |
50 |
||||
|
σ |
50 |
50 |
50 |
50 |
45 |
|||||
|
xmin |
10 |
|||||||||
|
0.2 MPa 荷重软化开始温度/℃ |
μ0≥ |
1700 |
1700 |
1650 |
1560 |
1500 |
|
σ |
15 |
|||||
|
加热永久线变化/% |
Xmin~Xmax |
1650 ℃x2 h |
1 650 ℃ x2 h -0.3~0 |
1600℃ x2h-0.5~0 |
1 600℃ x2h -0.6~0 |
|
5.2镁铝砖及镁铝尖晶石砖的理化指标应符合表 3 的规定。
5.3单重≥35 kg 或厚度>100 mm 砖的技术要求及其他特殊要求可由供需双方协商。
表 3 镁铝砖及镁铝尖晶石砖的理化指标
|
项目 |
指 标 |
|||||
|
镁铝尖晶石砖 |
镁铝砖 |
|||||
|
MLJ-90 |
MLJ-85 |
MLJ-80 |
MLJ-75 |
ML-80 |
||
|
w(MgO)/% |
μ0≥ |
90 |
85 |
80 |
75 |
80 |
|
σ |
1.0 |
1.5 |
||||
|
w(Al2O3)/% |
Xmin~Xmax |
3~8 |
5~12 |
8~17 |
8~12 |
5~10 |
|
显气孔率/% |
μ0≤ |
17 |
17 |
16 |
19 |
18 |
|
σ |
1.5 |
|||||
|
体积密度/(g/cm) |
μ0≥ |
2.90 |
2.95 |
2.95 |
2.85 |
2.85 |
|
σ |
0.03 |
|||||
|
常温耐压强度/MPa |
μ0≥ |
45 |
45 |
55 |
40 |
40 |
|
Xmin |
40 |
40 |
50 |
35 |
35 |
|
|
σ |
10 |
|||||
|
0.2 MPa荷重软化开始温度/℃ |
μ0≥ |
1 700 |
1 700 |
1 700 |
1 650 |
1 500 |
|
σ |
15 |
|||||
|
抗热震性(1100℃·水冷)/次 ≥ |
3 |
8 |
12 |
8 |
4 |
|
5.4镁砖、镁铝砖及镁铝尖晶石砖的尺寸偏差及外观应符合表4的规定。
表4镁砖镁铝砖及镁铝尖晶石砖的尺寸允许偏差及外观 单位为毫米
|
项 目 |
指 标 |
||
|
尺寸允许偏差 |
尺寸≤200 |
士2 |
|
|
200<尺寸≤300 |
士3 |
||
|
尺寸>300 |
士4 |
||
|
扭曲 |
长度≤300 |
≤ |
1.0 |
|
长度>300 |
2.0 |
||
|
缺角长度(a+b+c) |
40 |
||
|
缺棱长度(e+f+g) |
60 |
||
|
裂纹长度 |
宽度<0.10 |
不限制 |
|
|
宽度0.10~0.25 |
60 |
||
|
宽度>0.25 |
不准有 |
||
|
砖的断面裂纹宽度 |
>0.5 |
不准有 |
|
|
相对边差 |
厚度 |
1 |
|
|
注:可根据用户要求对砖的一个主要尺寸进行尺寸分档。 |
|||
6.试验方法
6.1砖的检验制样按 GB/T 7321 进行。
6.2化学成分的测定按 GB/T 5069 或 GB/T 21114 进行。
6.3显气孔率、体积密度的测定按 GB/T 2997 进行。
6.4常温耐压强度的测定按 GB/T 5072 进行。
6.5荷重软化开始温度的测定按 YBT 370 进行。
6.6加热永久线变化的测定按 GB/T 5988 进行。
6.7抗热震性的测定按 GB/T 30873-2014 方法 1、方法 2 进行。
6.8 砖的尺寸、外观的检查按 GB/T 10326 进行。
7 质量评定程序
7.1 组批
产品按同一牌号编批,每批不大于 120 t。
7.2 抽样及合格判定规则
砖的抽样和验收按 GB/T 10325 进行。化学成分、显气孔率、常温耐压强度、荷重软化开始温度为出厂检验验收项目:当加热永久线变化作为验收指标时。其判定形式为:单值在最大值及最小值范围内。均判为合格。
7.3 合格评定形式
合格评定可采用供货方声明、使用方认定或第三方认证的形式进行。
8.包装、标志、运输、储存及质量证明书
8.1砖的包装、标志、运输、储存按 GB/T 16546 进行。
8.2 砖发出时应附有供方质量部门签发的质量证明书,质量证明书应载明供方名称或厂标、需方名称生产日期、合同号、产品名称、标准编号、牌号、砖号、批号及相应的理化检验结果等。
Magnesia brick and magnesia aluminum brick
1 Scope
This standard specifies the terms and definitions, classification, shape and size, technical requirements, test methods, quality assessment procedures, packaging, marking, transportation, storage and quality certificates of magnesia bricks, magnesia aluminum bricks and magnesia aluminum spines.
This standard applies to magnesia brick, magnesia retaining brick and magnesia cuspate brick for industrial furnace of iron and steel, non-ferrous metal and building materials.
2 Normative reference documents
The following documents are essential for the application of this document.. For dated references, the date-only version applies to all undated references in this document. The latest version (including all change orders) applies to this document.
GB/T 2992.1 Shape and dimensions of refractory bricks – Part 1: general purpose bricks.
Test method for bulk density, apparent porosity and true porosity of GB/T 2997 compact shaped refractory products.
GB/T 5069 method for chemical analysis of MG-Al refractories.
GB/T 5072 refractories – normal temperature compressive strength test method.
GB/T 5988 refractory heating permanent line change test method.
GB/T 7321 shaped refractory product sample preparation method.
GB/T 10325 shaped refractory products acceptance sampling inspection rules.
GB/T 10326 shaped refractory products size, appearance and section inspection method.
GB/T 16546 shaped refractory products packaging, marking, transportation and storage.
GB/T 21114 refractories, X-ray fluorescence spectrochemical analysis of fused cast glass sheet method.
GB/T 30873 2014 Test method for thermal shock resistance of refractory materials.
Test method for load softening temperature of YB/T 370 refractories (non-differential warming method).
3. Terms and definitions
The terms and definitions defined in GB/T 10325 and the following terms and definitions apply to this document.
3.1 magnesia brick
3.2 magmesia alumina brick
Magnesia is the main raw material. Alkaline refractory products made by high temperature firing with magnesite as the main mineral composition.
Magnesia and corundum or aluminum clay as the main raw materials, prepared at high temperature with magnesite as the main mineral phase, magnesia-aluminum cuspate as the binding phase of alkaline refractory products.
3.3 magnesia alumina spinel brick
Magnesia and cuspite as the main raw materials, fired at high temperature made of magnesia and magnesia alumina cuspite as the main mineral composition of refractory products.
4.Classification, shape and size
4.1 According to mineral composition, magnesia brick, magnesia aluminum brick and magnesia aluminum spinel brick are divided into 7 grades according to physical and chemical indexes, magnesia brick is divided into 1 grade, and magnesia aluminum spinel brick into 4 grades. See Table 1 for details. In the brand, M and LJ are the initial letters of magnesium, aluminum and sharp Chinese pinyin respectively, followed by Arabic numerals and letters representing the quality fraction and product grade of magnesium oxide respectively.
Table 1 Classification and grade of magnesia brick, magnesia alumina brick and magnesia alumina spinel brick
|
Classify |
Brand number |
||||||
|
Magnesium brick |
M-98 |
M-97A |
M-97B |
M-95A |
M-95B |
M-91 |
M-89 |
|
Mg-aluminum brick |
ML-80 |
||||||
|
Magnesia-aluminum |
MLJ-90 |
MLJ-85 |
MLJ-80 |
MLJ-75 |
|||
4.2 The shape and size of the brick shall comply with GB/T 2992.1, or according to the user’s requirements
5.Technical requirements
5.1 Physical and chemical indexes of magnesium-brick shall conform to the provisions of Table 2.
Table 2 Physical and chemical indexes of magnesian brick
|
item |
index |
||||||||
|
M-98 |
M-97A |
M-97B |
M-95A |
M-95B |
M-91 |
M-89 |
|||
|
w(MgO)/% |
μ0≥ |
97.5 |
97.0 |
96.5 |
95.0 |
94.5 |
91.0 |
89.0 |
|
|
σ |
1.0 |
1.5 |
|||||||
|
w(SiO₂)/% |
μ0≤ |
1.00 |
1.20 |
1.50 |
2.00 |
2.50 |
– |
– |
|
|
σ |
0.30 |
||||||||
|
w(CaO)/% |
μ0≤ |
– |
– |
– |
2.00 |
2.00 |
3.00 |
3.00 |
|
|
σ |
0.30 |
||||||||
|
Apparent porosity /% |
μ0≤ |
16 |
16 |
18 |
16 |
18 |
18 |
20 |
|
|
σ |
1.5 |
||||||||
|
Bulk density/(g/cm3) |
μ0≥ |
3.00 |
3.00 |
2.95 |
2.90 |
2.85 |
|||
|
σ |
0.03 |
||||||||
|
Compressive strength at room temperature/MPa |
μ0≥ |
60 |
60 |
60 |
60 |
50 |
|||
|
σ |
50 |
50 |
50 |
50 |
45 |
||||
|
xmin |
10 |
||||||||
|
0.2MPa load softening starting temperature/℃ |
μ0≥ |
1700 |
1700 |
1650 |
1560 |
1500 |
|
σ |
15 |
|||||
|
Heating permanent line change/% |
Xmin~Xmax |
1650 ℃x2 h |
1 650 ℃ x2 h -0.3~0 |
1600℃ x2h-0.5~0 |
1 600℃ x2h -0.6~0 |
|
5.2 The physical and chemical indexes of MG-Al bricks and MG-Al spinel bricks shall comply with the provisions of Table 3.
5.3 Technical requirements and other special requirements of bricks with a single weight >35 kg or thickness >100 mm can be negotiated by both parties.
Table 3 Physical and chemical indexes of MG-Al bricks and MG-Al spinel bricks
|
item |
index |
|||||
|
MG-Al spinel bricks |
MG-Al bricks |
|||||
|
MLJ-90 |
MLJ-85 |
MLJ-80 |
MLJ-75 |
ML-80 |
||
|
w(MgO)/% |
μ0≥ |
90 |
85 |
80 |
75 |
80 |
|
σ |
1.0 |
1.5 |
||||
|
w(Al2O3)/% |
Xmin~Xmax |
3~8 |
5~12 |
8~17 |
8~12 |
5~10 |
|
Apparent porosity/% |
μ0≤ |
17 |
17 |
16 |
19 |
18 |
|
σ |
1.5 |
|||||
|
Bulk density/(g/cm3) |
μ0≥ |
2.90 |
2.95 |
2.95 |
2.85 |
2.85 |
|
σ |
0.03 |
|||||
|
Compressive strength at room temperature/MPa |
μ0≥ |
45 |
45 |
55 |
40 |
40 |
|
Xmin |
40 |
40 |
50 |
35 |
35 |
|
|
σ |
10 |
|||||
|
0.2MPa load softening starting temperature/℃ |
μ0≥ |
1 700 |
1 700 |
1 700 |
1 650 |
1 500 |
|
σ |
15 |
|||||
|
Thermal shock resistance (1100℃· water cooling)/次 ≥ |
3 |
8 |
12 |
8 |
4 |
|
5.4 The size deviation and appearance of magnesia brick, magnesia aluminum brick and magnesia aluminum spinel brick shall comply with the provisions of Table 4.
Table 4 The allowable size deviation and appearance of magnesia-aluminum bricks and magnesia-aluminum spinel bricks are measured in millimeters
|
Item |
index |
||
|
Allowable deviation of dimension |
dimension≤200 |
士2 |
|
|
200<dimension≤300 |
士3 |
||
|
dimension>300 |
士4 |
||
|
distortion |
length≤300 |
≤ |
1.0 |
|
length>300 |
2.0 |
||
|
Missing Angle length(a+b+c) |
40 |
||
|
Missing edge length(e+f+g) |
60 |
||
|
Crack length |
breadth<0.10 |
unlimited |
|
|
breadth0.10~0.25 |
60 |
||
|
breadth>0.25 |
be forbidden from |
||
|
Section crack width of brick |
>0.5 |
be forbidden from |
|
|
Relative edge difference |
thickness |
1 |
|
|
Note: One of the main dimensions of the brick can be dimensioned according to user requirements. |
|||
6. Test methods
6.1 Bricks shall be inspected and prepared according to GB/T 7321.
6.2 Chemical composition shall be determined according to GB/T 5069 or GB/T 21114.
6.3 The apparent porosity and bulk density were measured according to GB/T 2997.
6.4 The compressive strength at room temperature shall be measured according to GB/T 5072.
6.5 The initial temperature of load softening was determined according to YBT 370.
6.6 The determination of permanent line change of heating was carried out according to GB/T 5988.
6.7 The thermal shock resistance was measured according to GB/T 30873-2014 methods 1 and 2.
6.8 The size and appearance of bricks shall be checked according to GB/T 10326.
7 Quality assessment procedures.
7.1 Batch
The products are batch according to the same grade, and each batch is not more than 120 t.
7.2 Rules for sampling and conformity determination
Sampling and acceptance of bricks was carried out in accordance with GB/T 10325. Chemical composition, apparent porosity, normal temperature compressive strength, load softening starting temperature are factory inspection and acceptance items: when the change of heating permanent line is used as acceptance index. Its determination form is: the single value is within the range of maximum and minimum values. All were judged qualified.
7.3 Form of conformity assessment
The conformity assessment can be made in the form of the supplier’s declaration, the user’s certification or the third party’s certification
- Packing, marking, transportation, storage and quality certificate
8.1 The packaging, marking, transportation and storage of bricks shall be carried out in accordance with GB/T 16546.
8.2 When the bricks are issued, the quality certificate issued by the quality department of the supplier shall be attached. The quality certificate shall state the name of the supplier or factory mark, the name of the demander, the date of production, the contract number, the product name, the standard number, the brand number, the brick number, the lot number and the corresponding physical and chemical inspection results.
