GB T 23294-2009 耐磨耐火材料/Abrasion resistant refractory materials
耐磨耐火材料
1范围
本标准规定了耐磨耐火材料的定义、分类、技术要求,试验方法、质量评定程序、包装、标志、运输、储存及质量证明书。
本标准适用于循环流化床锅炉、城市生活垃圾焚烧炉、工业垃圾焚烧炉、医疗垃圾焚烧炉、普通固体废弃物焚烧炉、危险废弃物焚烧炉等用的耐磨耐火材料。
2规范性引用文件
下列文件中的条款通过本标准的引用而成为本标准的条款。凡是注日期的引用文件,其随后所有的修改单(不包括勘误的内容)或修订版均不适用于本标准,然而,鼓励根据本标准达成协议的各方研究是否可使用这些文件的最新版本。凡是不注日期的引用文件,其最新版本适用于本标准。
GB/T 2997致密定形耐火制品 体积密度、显气孔率和真气孔率试验方法
GB/T 3001耐火材料，常温抗折强度试验方法
GB/T 4984含锆耐火材料化学分析方法
GB/T 5070含铬耐火材料化学分析方法
GB/T 5072耐火材料，常温耐压强度试验方法
GB/T 5988耐火材料 加热永久线变化试验方法
GB/T 5990耐火材料 导热系数试验方法(热线法)
GB/T 6900铝硅系耐火材料化学分析方法
GB/T 7321 定形耐火制品试样制备方法
GB 8076-1997 混凝土外加剂
GB/T 10325定形耐火制品抽样验收规则
GB/T 10326定形耐火制品尺寸、外观及断面的检查方法
GB/T 15545不定形耐火材料包装、标志、运输和储存
GB/T 16546定形耐火制品包装、标志、运输和储存
GB/T 16555含碳、碳化硅、氮化物耐火材料化学分析方法
GB/T 17617耐火原料和不定形耐火材料取样
GB/T18301耐火材料常温耐磨性试验方法
GB/T 22459.3 耐火泥浆 第3部分:粘结时间试验方法
GB/T 22459.4 耐火泥浆第4部分:常温抗折粘结强度试验方法
GB/T 22459.5 耐火泥浆第5部分:粒度分布(筛分析)试验方法
GB/T 22459.7 耐火泥浆 第7部分:高温性能试验方法
YB/T 376.1 耐火制品抗热震性试验方法(水急冷法)
YB/T 2206.2 耐火浇注料抗热震性试验方法(水急冷法)
YB/T 5116 粘土质和高铝质耐火可塑料试样制备方法
YB/T 5119粘土质和高铝质耐火可塑料可塑指数试验方法
YB/T 5200致密耐火浇注料显气孔率和体积密度试验方法
YB/T 5202.1 不定形耐火材料试样制备方法 第1部分:耐火浇注料
3 定义
下列术语和定义适用于本标准，
3.1耐磨耐火材料 abrasion resistant refractory materials
通常指在使用条件下耐磨性能优良的特种耐火材料。该类特种耐磨耐火材料在废弃物(含生活垃圾工业垃圾、医疗垃圾、普通固体废弃物以及危险废弃物等)焚烧炉中使用时,还应具备优良的抗腐蚀能力。
3.2推荐最高使用温度 recommended maximum application temperature
是指耐磨耐火浇注料或耐磨耐火可塑料煅烧5h后永久线变化率不大于1.5%的试验温度
4分类
4.1耐磨耐火材料分为:耐磨耐火砖,耐磨耐火浇注料、耐磨耐火可塑料及耐磨耐火泥浆4大类产品。
4.2耐磨耐火砖按理化指标分为 ARB-1、ARB-2、ARB-3、ARB-4、ARB-5、ARB-6、ARB-7 七个牌号。
4.3耐磨耐火浇注料按理化指标分为 ARC-1,ARC2,ARC-3、ARC-4,ARC-5、ARC-6.ARC-7 七个牌号。
4.4 耐磨耐火可塑料按理化指标分为 ARP-1、ARP-2、ARP-3、ARP-4、ARP-5、ARP-6、ARP-7 七个牌号。
4.5 耐磨耐火泥浆按理化指标分为 ARM-1、ARM-2、ARM-3、ARM-4 四个牌号。4.6 以上代号中,AR 是耐磨(abrasion resistant)的英文首字母缩写;B,C,P、M分别是砖(brick),浇注料(castablc)、可塑料(plastic)、泥浆(mortar)的英文首字母。其后的数字为产品的系列号。
5 技术要求
5.1 耐磨耐火砖的理化指标应符合表1的规定。其尺寸允许偏差及外观应符合表2的规定。
5.2 耐磨耐火浇注料的理化指标应符合表3的规定。
5.3 耐磨耐火可塑料的理化指标应符合表4 的规定。
5.4 耐磨耐火泥浆的理化指标应符合表5的规定。
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表1耐磨耐火砖的理化指标 |
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项目 |
指标 |
||||||
|
硅酸铝质 |
碳化硅质 |
锆铬刚玉质 |
|||||
|
ARB-1 |
ARB-2 |
ARB-3 |
ARB-4 |
ARB-5 |
ARB-6 |
ARB-7 |
|
|
w(Al2O₃ )/%≥ |
55 |
65 |
80 |
– |
– |
– |
80 |
|
w(SiC)/%≥ |
– |
– |
– |
40 |
80 |
85 |
S(Cr2O3) 4(ZrO2) |
|
显气孔率/% ≤ |
21 |
20 |
19 |
19 |
18 |
17 |
17 |
|
体积密度/(g/cm3)≥ |
2.40 |
2.70 |
2.85 |
2.40 |
2.50 |
2.60 |
2.90 |
|
常温耐压强度/MPa ≥ |
60 |
70 |
90 |
90 |
110 |
120 |
130 |
|
常温抗折强度/MPa ≥ |
10 |
12 |
15 |
15 |
16 |
16 |
18 |
|
抗热震性(1 000℃,水冷)/次≥ |
20 |
20 |
20 |
25 |
30 |
30 |
25 |
|
常温耐磨性/cm3 ≤ |
9.0 |
8.0 |
6.0 |
6.0 |
5.0 |
4.0 |
6.0 |
|
导热系数(1000℃时参考值)/[W/(m·K)] |
1.4~1.9 |
4~8 |
8~10 |
10~14 |
2~3 |
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表2砖的尺寸允许偏差及外观 单位为毫米 |
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项 目 |
指标 |
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尺寸允许偏差 |
尺寸≤100 |
±1.5 |
|
|
尺寸 101~300 |
±1.5% |
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尺寸≥301 |
±5 |
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扭曲 |
长度≤300 |
≤ |
2.0 |
|
长度≥301 |
2.5 |
||
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缺角长度(a+b+c) |
30 |
||
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缺棱长度(e+f+g) |
50 |
||
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熔洞直径 |
6 |
||
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裂纹长度 |
宽度≤0.25 |
不限制(不准成网状) |
|
|
宽度0.26~0.50 |
20 |
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宽度0.51~1.0 |
10 |
||
|
宽度>1.0 |
不准有 |
||
|
断面层裂 |
不准有 |
||
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表 3耐磨耐火浇注料的理化指标 |
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项目 |
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硅酸铝质 |
碳化硅质 |
锆铬刚玉质 |
||||||
|
ARB-1 |
ARB-2 |
ARB-3 |
ARB-4 |
ARB-5 |
ARB-6 |
ARB-7 |
||
|
w(Al2O₃ )/%≥ |
60(SiO2) |
60 |
65 |
70 |
– |
– |
75 |
|
|
w(SiC)/%≥ |
55(熔融石英) |
– |
– |
– |
40 |
80 |
3(Cr2O3) |
|
|
体积密度/(g/cm3)≥ |
110℃X24 h干后 |
1.90 |
2.40 |
2.60 |
2.80 |
2.50 |
2.60 |
2.85 |
|
常温耐压强度/MPa ≥ |
110℃X24 h干后 |
45 |
55 |
60 |
65 |
70 |
75 |
75 |
|
1000℃X3 h干后 |
60 |
80 |
90 |
100 |
100 |
110 |
110 |
|
|
常温抗折强度/MPa ≥ |
110℃X24 h干后 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
9 |
9 |
9 |
9 |
|
1000℃X3 h干后 |
8 |
9 |
11 |
13 |
13 |
14 |
13 |
|
|
加热永久线变化率/% |
1000℃X3 h干后 |
-0.3~+0.2 |
-0.3~+0.3 |
-0.3~+0.3 |
-0.3~+0.3 |
-0.3+0.2(埋碳) |
-0.3+0.2(埋碳) |
-0.3~+0.3 |
|
抗热震性(1 000℃,水冷)/次≥ |
1000℃X3 h干后 |
30 |
20 |
20 |
25 |
30 |
35 |
25 |
|
常温耐磨性/cm3 ≤ |
1000℃X3 h干后 |
10.0 |
9.0 |
8.0 |
7.0 |
6.0 |
5.0 |
6.0 |
|
初凝时间/min≥ |
45 |
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终凝时间/min≤ |
250 |
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导热系数(1000℃时参考值)/[W/(m·K)] |
0.6~0.9 |
1.2~1.6 |
1.3~1.7 |
1.4~1.8 |
3~6 |
7~10 |
2~3 |
|
|
推荐最高使用温度/℃ |
1200 |
1400 |
1450 |
1 500 |
1450 |
1 650 |
1 650 |
|
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表 4耐磨耐火可塑料的理化指标 |
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项目 |
指 标 |
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硅酸铝质 |
碳化硅质 |
锆铬刚玉质 |
||||||
|
ARP-1 |
ARP-2 |
ARP-3 |
ARP-4 |
ARP-5 |
ARP-6 |
ARP-7 |
||
|
w(Al2O₃ )/%≥ |
65 |
75 |
85 |
– |
– |
80 |
||
|
w(SiC)/%≥ |
– |
40 |
60 |
70 |
3(Cr2O3) |
|||
|
体积密度/ |
110℃x24 h |
2.50 |
2.70 |
2.80 |
2.40 |
2.50 |
2.60 |
2.80 |
|
加热永久线变化率/% |
1000℃X3 h |
-0.4~0 |
|-0.5~0 |
|-0.5~0 |
-0.4~0(埋碳) |
-0.5~0(埋碳) |
-0.6~0(埋碳) |
-0.6~0 |
|
常温耐压强度/MPa≥ |
1000℃x3 h |
70 |
80 |
90 |
60 |
70 |
80 |
90 |
|
抗热震性(1000℃，水冷)/次≥ |
1000℃X3h |
30 |
30 |
25 |
30 |
35 |
40 |
30 |
|
常温耐磨性/cm3≤ |
1000℃x3 h |
7.0 |
6.0 |
5.0 |
7.0 |
6.0 |
5.0 |
5.0 |
|
可塑性指数/% |
15~40 |
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导热系数(1000℃时参考值)/[W/(m·K)] |
1.1~1.6 |
1.6~2.0 |
3~5 |
5~7 |
6~8 |
2~3 |
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推荐最高使用温度/℃ |
1400 |
1500 |
1600 |
1400 |
1500 |
1600 |
1600 |
|
5.5 化学成分和推荐最高使用温度由供方提供数据,不作考核指标。供需双方还可协商确定相关特殊要求,如自流浇注料的流动特性、喷涂浇注料的回弹损失,荷重软化温度、热膨胀率,抗 CO 稳定性、抗酸性、耐碱性、抗渣性、抗氧化性等。
6试验方法
6.1 制样:耐磨耐火砖按 GB/T 7321 进行;耐磨耐火浇注料按 YB/T 5202.1进行;耐磨耐火可塑料按YB/T 5116 进行;耐磨耐火泥浆按 GB/T 22459.7 进行。
6.2 化学分析可按材质选用 GB/T 4984、GB/T 5070、GB/T 6900 和 GB/T 16555 进行。
6.3 显气孔率及体积密度:耐磨耐火砖按 GB/T 2997 进行,耐磨耐火浇注料及耐磨耐火可塑料按YB/T 5200进行。
6.4 常温耐压强度的测定按 GB/T 5072 进行。
6.5 常温抗折强度的测定按 GB/T 3001 进行。耐磨耐火泥浆常温抗折粘结强度的6.6测定按 GB/T 22459.4 进行。
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表5耐磨耐火泥浆的理化指标 |
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项目 |
指 标 |
||||
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硅酸铝质 |
碳化硅质 |
锆铬刚玉质 |
|||
|
ARM-1 |
ARM-2 |
ARM-3 |
ARM-4 |
||
|
w(Al₂O₃ )/% ≥ |
65 |
80 |
75 |
||
|
(SiC)/% ≥ |
– |
– |
80 |
3(Cr2O3) |
|
|
常温抗折粘结强度/MPa≥ |
110℃X24h干后 |
2 |
3 |
3 |
2 |
|
1000℃X3 h烧后 |
6 |
8 |
8 |
7 |
|
|
常温耐磨性/cm ≤ |
1000℃X3 h烧后 |
8 |
6 |
5 |
6 |
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粘结时间，min |
1~3 |
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粒度/% |
≤1.00 mm |
100 |
100 |
100 |
100 |
|
≥0.50 mm |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
|
|
≤0.075 mm |
60 |
60 |
50 |
60 |
|
6.7常温耐磨性的测定按 GB/T 18301 进行。
6.8 抗热震性:耐磨耐火砖按 YB/T 376.1 进行;耐磨耐火浇注料和耐磨耐火可塑料按 YB/T 2206.2进行。
6.9 加热永久线变化及推荐最高使用温度的测定按GB/T 5988 进行。
6.10 导热系数的测定按 GB/T 5990 进行。
6.11耐磨耐火砖尺寸、外观及断面检査按 GB/T 10326 进行。
6.12耐磨耐火浇注料初凝时间及终凝时间的测定按 GB 8076-1997 中的相关规定进行。
6.13耐磨耐火可塑料可塑性指数的测定按 YB/T 5119 进行。
6.14 耐磨泥浆粘接时间的测定按 GB/T 22459.3 进行。
6.15 耐磨泥浆粒度分布的测定按 GB/T 22459.5 进行。
7 质量评定程序
7.1 组批
产品按同一牌号组批,每批不超过60t。原料或生产工艺变更时应另行组批7.2 抽样及合格判定规则
7.2.1 产品验收检验项目如下:
耐磨耐火砖:常温耐压强度、常温耐磨性、抗热震性；
耐磨耐火浇注料:常温耐压强度、常温耐磨性、加热永久线变化;
耐磨耐火可塑料:常温耐磨性、加热永久线变化、抗热震性;
耐磨泥浆:常温抗折粘接强度、常温耐磨性、粘接时间。
7.2.2耐磨耐火砖的抽样验收按 GB/T 10325 进行,复验时单值允许偏差应符合表6的规定。
7.2.3耐磨耐火浇注料、耐磨耐火可塑料的抽样按 GB/T 17617 进行;耐磨泥浆的抽样按GB/T 22459.3 进行。
7.2.4 耐磨耐火浇注料、耐磨耐火可塑料和耐磨泥浆的验收检验结果应分别符合表 3、表 4、表5的规定。如有不合格项时,应按7.2.3的规定再抽取双倍试样对不合格项目进行复验,复验结果的平均值应分别符合表3、表4、表5的规定,且单值允许偏差应符合表6的规定,则判为合格批,否则为不合格批。
7.3 合格评定形式
合格评定可采用供货方声明、使用方认定或由第三方认证的形式进行。
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表6复验时单值允许偏差 |
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项目 |
允许偏差 |
项 目 |
允许偏差 |
|
体积密度/(g/cm3) |
-0.05 |
抗热震性/次 |
-3 |
|
显气孔率/% |
+1 |
加热永久线变化/% |
±0.1 |
|
常温耐压强度/MPa |
-5 |
粒度分布/% |
±2 |
|
常温抗折强度/MPa |
-1 |
可塑性指数/% |
±3 |
|
常温抗折粘结强度/MPa |
-0.5 |
初凝时间及终凝时间/min |
±5 |
|
常温磨损量/cm3 |
+0.5 |
粘接时间/min |
±0.5 |
8包装、标志、运输、储存及质量证明书
8.1包装、标志、运输及储存:耐磨耐火砖应符合 GB/T 16546 的规定;耐磨耐火浇注料、耐磨耐火可塑料、耐磨泥浆应符合 GB/T 15545 的规定。
8.2如需现场混配,则耐磨耐火浇注料的粉状结合剂可单独包装;耐磨耐火可塑料及耐磨泥浆的液体结合剂可用塑料桶单独封装，
8.3产品发出时供方应提供质量证明书及使用说明书。质量证明书应载明供方名称、需方名称、生产日期、合同号、产品名称、执行标准、牌号、生产批号,检验批号、发货批号及理化指标。
Abrasion resistant refractory materials
1 Range
This standard specifies the definition, classification, technical requirements, test methods, quality assessment procedures, packaging, marking, transportation, storage and quality certificates of wear-resistant refractories.
This standard is applicable to wear-resistant refractory materials used in circulating fluidized bed boilers, municipal solid waste incinerators, industrial waste incinerators, medical waste incinerators, common solid waste incinerators, hazardous waste incinerators, etc.
2 Normative reference documents
The terms in the following documents become terms of this Standard by reference to this Standard. All subsequent amendments (excluding errata) or revisions to dated citations are not applicable to this Standard; however, parties to an agreement under this Standard are encouraged to explore the use of the most recent version of these documents. For undated references, the latest version of the document applies to this standard.
Test method for bulk density, apparent porosity and true porosity of GB/T 2997 compact shaped refractory products
GB/T 3001 refractories, normal temperature bending strength test method
Methods for chemical analysis of GB/T 4984 zirconium containing refractories
GB/T 5070 chromium containing refractory chemical analysis method
GB/T 5072 refractories, normal temperature compressive strength test method
GB/T 5988 refractory heating permanent line change test method
GB/T 5990 Refractory thermal conductivity test method (hot wire method)
GB/T 6900 aluminum-silicon refractory chemical analysis method
GB/T 7321 shaped refractory product sample preparation method
GB 8076-1997 Concrete admixtures
GB/T 10325 shaped refractory products sampling acceptance rules
GB/T 10326 shaped refractory products size, appearance and section inspection method
GB/T 15545 amorphous refractory packaging, marking, transportation and storage
GB/T 16546 shaped refractory products packaging, marking, transportation and storage
GB/T 16555 Method for chemical analysis of refractories containing carbon, silicon carbide and nitride
GB/T 17617 Sampling of refractory raw materials and amorphous refractories
GB/T18301 refractory wear resistance test method at room temperature
GB/T 22459.3 Refractory mud – Part 3: Test method for bonding time
GB/T 22459.4 Refractory mud – Part 4: Test method for flexural bond strength at room temperature
GB/T 22459.5 Refractory mud – Part 5: Test method for particle size distribution (sieve analysis)
GB/T 22459.7 Refractory mud – Part 7: Test method for high temperature performance
YB/T 376.1 Test method for thermal shock Resistance of Refractory products (water quench method)
YB/T 2206.2 Test method for thermal shock Resistance of refractory castables (water quench method)
YB/T 5116 clay and high alumina refractory plastic sample preparation method
YB/T 5119 Test method for plasticity index of clay and high alumina refractory plastics
Test method for apparent porosity and bulk density of YB/T 5200 dense refractory castables
YB/T 5202.1 Methods for preparing samples of amorphous refractories – Part 1: Refractory castables
3 Definition
The following terms and definitions apply to this standard,
3.1 Abrasion resistant refractory materials
It usually refers to special refractory materials with excellent wear resistance under the conditions of use. Such special wear-resistant refractory materials should also have excellent corrosion resistance when used in waste (including domestic waste industrial waste, medical waste, ordinary solid waste and hazardous waste, etc.) incinerators.
3.2 Recommended maximum application temperature
It refers to the test temperature at which the permanent line change rate of wear-resistant castable or wear-resistant refractory plastic is not more than 1.5% after calcination for 5h
4 Categories
4.1 Wear-resistant refractory materials are divided into: wear-resistant refractory brick, wear-resistant refractory castable, wear-resistant refractory plastic and wear-resistant refractory mud 4 categories of products.
4.2 Wear-resistant firebrick is divided into seven grades of ARB-1, ARB-2, ARB-3, ARB-4, ARB-5, ARB-6 and ARB-7 according to physical and chemical indexes.
4.3 Wear-resistant castable is divided into seven grades according to physical and chemical indexes: ARC-1,ARC2,ARC-3, ARC-4,ARC-5, ARC-6 and ARC-7.
4.4 Wear-resistant refractory plastic is divided into ARP-1, ARP-2, ARP-3, ARP-4, ARP-5, ARP-6, ARP-7 seven brands according to physical and chemical indexes.
4.5 Wear-resistant refractory mud is divided into four grades ARM-1, ARM-2, ARM-3 and ARM-4 according to physical and chemical indexes. 4.6 In the above code,AR is the acronym of abrasion resistant; B,C,P and M are the initials of brick, castablc, plastic and mortar, respectively. The following number is the series number of the product.
5 Technical Requirements
5.1 The physical and chemical indexes of wear-resistant firebricks shall comply with the provisions of Table 1. The size permissible deviation and appearance shall conform to the provisions of Table 2.
5.2 The physical and chemical indexes of wear-resistant refractory castables shall comply with the provisions of Table 3.
5.3 The physical and chemical indexes of wear-resistant refractory plastics shall comply with the provisions of Table 4.
5.4 The physical and chemical indexes of wear-resistant refractory mud shall comply with the provisions of Table 5.
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Table 1. Physical and chemical indexes of wear-resistant firebrick |
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Item |
Index |
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Aluminum silicate |
Silicon carbide |
Zirconium chrome corundum |
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|
ARB-1 |
ARB-2 |
ARB-3 |
ARB-4 |
ARB-5 |
ARB-6 |
ARB-7 |
|
|
w(Al2O₃ )/%≥ |
55 |
65 |
80 |
– |
– |
– |
80 |
|
w(SiC)/%≥ |
– |
– |
– |
40 |
80 |
85 |
S(Cr2O3) 4(ZrO2) |
|
Apparent porosity/% ≤ |
21 |
20 |
19 |
19 |
18 |
17 |
17 |
|
Bulk density/(g/cm3)≥ |
2.40 |
2.70 |
2.85 |
2.40 |
2.50 |
2.60 |
2.90 |
|
Compressive strength at room temperature/MPa ≥ |
60 |
70 |
90 |
90 |
110 |
120 |
130 |
|
Flexural strength at room temperature/MPa ≥ |
10 |
12 |
15 |
15 |
16 |
16 |
18 |
|
Thermal shock resistance (1 000℃, water cooling)/ time≥ |
20 |
20 |
20 |
25 |
30 |
30 |
25 |
|
Room temperature wear resistance/cm3 ≤ |
9.0 |
8.0 |
6.0 |
6.0 |
5.0 |
4.0 |
6.0 |
|
Thermal conductivity (reference value at 1000℃)/[W/(m·K)] |
1.4~1.9 |
4~8 |
8~10 |
10~14 |
2~3 |
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Table 2.Permissible size deviation and appearance of bricks Unit in millimeter |
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Item |
Index |
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Allowable deviation of dimension |
Dimension≤100 |
±1.5 |
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Dimension 101~300 |
±1.5% |
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Dimension≥301 |
±5 |
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Contort |
Length≤300 |
≤ |
2.0 |
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Length≥301 |
2.5 |
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Missing Angle length(a+b+c) |
30 |
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Missing edge length(e+f+g) |
50 |
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Hole diameter |
6 |
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Crack length |
Breadth≤0.25 |
No limit(Do not mesh) |
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Breadth0.26~0.50 |
20 |
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Breadth0.51~1.0 |
10 |
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Breadth>1.0 |
Be forbidden from |
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Fracture lamination |
Be forbidden from |
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Table 3 Physical and chemical indexes of wear resistant castable |
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Item |
Index |
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|
Aluminum silicate |
Silicon carbide |
Zirconium chrome corundum |
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|
ARB-1 |
ARB-2 |
ARB-3 |
ARB-4 |
ARB-5 |
ARB-6 |
ARB-7 |
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|
w(Al2O₃ )/%≥ |
60(SiO2) |
60 |
65 |
70 |
– |
– |
75 |
|
|
w(SiC)/%≥ |
55(fused quartz) |
– |
– |
– |
40 |
80 |
3(Cr2O3) |
|
|
Bulk density/(g/cm3)≥ |
110℃X24 h after drying |
1.90 |
2.40 |
2.60 |
2.80 |
2.50 |
2.60 |
2.85 |
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Compressive strength at room temperature/MPa ≥ |
110℃X24 h after drying |
45 |
55 |
60 |
65 |
70 |
75 |
75 |
|
After burning at 1000℃X3 h |
60 |
80 |
90 |
100 |
100 |
110 |
110 |
|
|
Flexural strength at room temperature/MPa ≥ |
110℃X24 h after drying |
6 |
7 |
8 |
9 |
9 |
9 |
9 |
|
After burning at 1000℃X3 h |
8 |
9 |
11 |
13 |
13 |
14 |
13 |
|
|
Heating permanent line change rate/% |
After burning at 1000℃X3 h |
-0.3~+0.2 |
-0.3~+0.3 |
-0.3~+0.3 |
-0.3~+0.3 |
-0.3+0.2(buried carbon) |
-0.3+0.2(buried carbon) |
-0.3~+0.3 |
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Thermal shock resistance (1 000℃, water cooling)/ time≥ |
After burning at 1000℃X3 h |
30 |
20 |
20 |
25 |
30 |
35 |
25 |
|
Room temperature wear resistance/cm3 ≤ |
After burning at 1000℃X3 h |
10.0 |
9.0 |
8.0 |
7.0 |
6.0 |
5.0 |
6.0 |
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Initial setting time/min≥ |
45 |
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Final setting time/min≤ |
250 |
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Thermal conductivity (reference value at 1000℃)/[W/(m·K)] |
0.6~0.9 |
1.2~1.6 |
1.3~1.7 |
1.4~1.8 |
3~6 |
7~10 |
2~3 |
|
|
Recommended maximum operating temperature / ° C |
1200 |
1400 |
1450 |
1 500 |
1450 |
1 650 |
1 650 |
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Table 4 Physical and chemical indexes of wear-resistant refractory plastics |
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Item |
Index |
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Aluminum silicate |
Silicon carbide |
Zirconium chrome corundum |
|||||||
|
ARP-1 |
ARP-2 |
ARP-3 |
ARP-4 |
ARP-5 |
ARP-6 |
ARP-7 |
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w(Al2O₃ )/%≥ |
65 |
75 |
85 |
– |
– |
80 |
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w(SiC)/%≥ |
– |
40 |
60 |
70 |
3(Cr2O3) |
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Bulk density/ |
110℃x24 h after drying |
2.50 |
2.70 |
2.80 |
2.40 |
2.50 |
2.60 |
2.80 |
|
|
Heating permanent line change rate /% |
After burning at 1000℃X3 h |
-0.4~0 |
|-0.5~0 |
|-0.5~0 |
-0.4~0(buried carbon) |
-0.5~0(buried carbon) |
-0.6~0(buried carbon) |
-0.6~0 |
|
|
Compressive strength at room temperature/MPa≥ |
After burning at 1000℃X3 h |
70 |
80 |
90 |
60 |
70 |
80 |
90 |
|
|
Thermal shock resistance (1000℃, water cooling)/ time≥ |
After burning at 1000℃X3 h |
30 |
30 |
25 |
30 |
35 |
40 |
30 |
|
|
Room temperature wear resistance/cm3≤ |
After burning at 1000℃X3 h |
7.0 |
6.0 |
5.0 |
7.0 |
6.0 |
5.0 |
5.0 |
|
|
Plasticity index/% |
15~40 |
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Thermal conductivity (reference value at 1000℃)/[W/(m·K)] |
1.1~1.6 |
1.6~2.0 |
3~5 |
5~7 |
6~8 |
2~3 |
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Recommended maximum operating temperature/℃ |
1400 |
1500 |
1600 |
1400 |
1500 |
1600 |
1600 |
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5.5 Chemical composition and recommended maximum temperature shall be provided by the supplier and shall not be used as assessment indicators. The supply and demand parties can also negotiate to determine the relevant special requirements, such as flow characteristics of free-flowing castable, rebound loss of sprayed castable, load softening temperature, thermal expansion rate, CO stability, acid resistance, alkali resistance, slag resistance, oxidation resistance, etc.
6 Test methods
6.1 Sample preparation: wear-resistant firebrick shall be carried out according to GB/T 7321; Wear-resistant refractory castable is carried out according to YB/T 5202.1; Wear-resistant refractory plastic according to YB/T 5116; Wear-resistant refractory mud according to GB/T 22459.7.
6.2 Chemical analysis can be performed with GB/T 4984, GB/T 5070, GB/T 6900 and GB/T 16555 according to the material.
6.3 Apparent porosity and bulk density: Wear resistant refractory brick according to GB/T 2997, wear resistant refractory castable and wear resistant refractory plastic according to YB/T 5200.
6.4 The compressive strength at room temperature shall be measured according to GB/T 5072.
6.5 The bending strength at room temperature is measured according to GB/T 3001.
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Table 5 Physical and chemical indexes of wear-resistant refractory mud |
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Item |
Index |
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Aluminum silicate |
Silicon carbide |
Zirconium chrome corundum |
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|
ARM-1 |
ARM-2 |
ARM-3 |
ARM-4 |
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|
w(Al₂O₃ )/% ≥ |
65 |
80 |
75 |
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|
(SiC)/% ≥ |
– |
– |
80 |
3(Cr2O3) |
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Flexural bond strength at room temperature/MPa≥ |
110℃x24 h after drying |
2 |
3 |
3 |
2 |
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After burning at 1000℃X3 h |
6 |
8 |
8 |
7 |
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Room temperature wear resistance/cm3 ≤ |
After burning at 1000℃X3 h |
8 |
6 |
5 |
6 |
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Bonding time，min |
1~3 |
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Granularity/% |
≤1.00 mm |
100 |
100 |
100 |
100 |
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≥0.50 mm |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
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≤0.075 mm |
60 |
60 |
50 |
60 |
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6.6 The bending bond strength of wear-resistant refractory mud at room temperature was determined according to GB/T 22459.4.
6.7 The wear resistance at room temperature is measured according to GB/T 18301.
6.8 Thermal shock resistance: wear-resistant firebrick according to YB/T 376.1; Wear-resistant castables and wear-resistant refractory plastics are carried out according to YB/T 2206.2.
6.9 The determination of the permanent line change of heating and the recommended maximum operating temperature shall be carried out according to GB/T 5988.
6.10 The thermal conductivity is measured according to GB/T 5990.
6.11 The size, appearance and section inspection of wear-resistant firebrick shall be carried out according to GB/T 10326.
6.12 The determination of initial setting time and final setting time of wear-resistant refractory castable shall be carried out according to the relevant provisions in GB 8076-1997.
6.13 The determination of the plasticity index of wear-resistant refractory plastics was carried out according to YB/T 5119.
6.14 The bonding time of wear-resistant mud was determined according to GB/T 22459.3.
6.15 The size distribution of wear-resistant mud was determined according to GB/T 22459.5.
7 Quality assessment procedures
7.1 Batch
Products according to the same brand batch, each batch does not exceed 60t. When raw materials or production processes are changed, a separate batch shall be set up 7.2 Sampling and conformity determination Rules
7.2.1 Product acceptance inspection items are as follows:
Wear-resistant firebrick: room temperature compressive strength, room temperature wear resistance, thermal shock resistance;
Wear-resistant castable: pressure strength at room temperature, wear resistance at room temperature, heating permanent line change;
Wear-resistant refractory plastic: room temperature wear resistance, heating permanent line change, thermal shock resistance;
Wear-resistant mud: bending and bonding strength at room temperature, wear resistance at room temperature, bonding time.
7.2.2 The sampling acceptance of wear-resistant firebrick shall be carried out according to GB/T 10325, and the allowable deviation of single value during reinspection shall comply with the provisions of Table 6.
7.2.3 The sampling of wear-resistant castable and wear-resistant refractory plastics shall be carried out according to GB/T 17617; Wear-resistant mud was sampled according to GB/T 22459.3.
7.2.4 The acceptance test results of wear-resistant refractory castable, wear-resistant refractory plastic and wear-resistant mud shall comply with the provisions of Table 3, Table 4 and Table 5 respectively. If there are any nonconforming items, double samples shall be taken according to the provisions of 7.2.3 for retesting of the nonconforming items. The average value of the retesting results shall comply with the provisions of Table 3, Table 4 and Table 5 respectively, and the allowable deviation of a single value shall comply with the provisions of Table 6, then it will be awarded as a qualified batch; otherwise, it will be a nonconforming batch.
7.3 Form of conformity assessment
The conformity assessment can be made in the form of the supplier’s declaration, the user’s certification or the third party’s certification.
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Table 6 Allowable deviation of single value at retest |
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Item |
Allowable deviation |
Item |
Allowable deviation |
|
Bulk density/(g/cm3) |
-0.05 |
Thermal shock resistance/time |
-3 |
|
Apparent porosity/% |
+1 |
Heating permanent line change/% |
±0.1 |
|
Compressive strength at room temperature/MPa |
-5 |
Particle size distribution/% |
±2 |
|
Flexural strength at room temperature/MPa |
-1 |
Plasticity index/% |
±3 |
|
Flexural bond strength at room temperature/MPa |
-0.5 |
Initial setting time and final setting time/min |
±5 |
|
Normal temperature wear/cm3 |
+0.5 |
Bonding time/min |
±0.5 |
8 Packing, marking, transportation, storage and quality certificate
8.1 Packaging, marking, transportation and storage: wear-resistant firebricks shall comply with the provisions of GB/T 16546; Wear-resistant castable, wear-resistant refractory plastics, wear-resistant mud shall comply with the provisions of GB/T 15545.
8.2 If it is necessary to mix on site, the powder binder of wear-resistant refractory castable can be packaged separately; The liquid bond of wear-resistant refractory plastic and wear-resistant mud can be packaged separately in a plastic bucket.
8.3 The supplier shall provide the quality certificate and instruction manual when the product is issued. The quality certificate shall state the name of the supplier, the name of the buyer, the date of production, the contract number, the product name, the execution standard, the brand number, the production batch number, the inspection batch number, the delivery batch number and the physical and chemical index.
