轻质硅砖的组成及应用

轻质硅砖又称硅质隔热砖，SiO₂含量在90%以上、体积密度为0.9~1.1g/cm 的轻质硅质耐火制品。又称硅质隔热砖。耐火度和荷重软化温度与成分相同的普通硅砖相差不大。但由于气孔很多，故耐压强度、抗渣性、抗腐蚀性等不如普通硅砖，而抗热震性能却有所提高。

  原料一般采用结晶石英岩，配料中加入易燃物质如焦炭、无烟煤、锯末等，或以气体发泡法形成多孔结构，生产工艺与硅砖相似。主要用于要求隔热或减轻自重而不与熔融物直接接触、不受侵蚀性气体作用、不遭受温度急变的窑炉各个部位。在高温下使用，不能与碱性耐火材料接触。按材质不同，其最高使用温度在1200～1550℃。

  轻质硅砖的应用领域:

  一、建筑领域。

1. 墙体隔热保温：轻质硅砖可作为建筑外墙保温隔热材料，其导热系数低、密度小、吸水率低，可有效降低建筑物的冷热损失，提高节能效果。
2. 内墙隔声隔热：轻质硅砖具有优异的隔声隔热性能，可用于室内隔断、隔音板等材料的制作。
3. 烟道、炉壁、窑壁等耐火材料：轻质硅砖具有高温耐火性能，可应用于建筑物内部烟道、炉壁、窑壁等部位的隔热保温。

二、冶金领域

（1）钢铁冶炼：轻质硅砖可作为钢铁冶炼高炉、转炉、电炉等部位的耐火材料，具有优异的高温耐火性能。

（2）铝电解槽：轻质硅砖可作为铝电解槽的内衬材料，其耐腐蚀性能好，可延长电解槽的使用寿命。

三、化工领域。

（1）石油、化工储罐：轻质硅砖可作为储罐内壁的隔热保温材料，具有优异的耐腐蚀性能和低导热系数。   

（2）炼油装置内部隔热：轻质硅砖可应用于炼油装置内部的隔热保温，提高装置的能效。

四、能源领域。

（1）热电站锅炉、烟囱：轻质硅砖可应用于热电站锅炉、烟囱等部位的隔热保温，提高能源利用效率。

（2）太阳能电池板隔热：轻质硅砖可作为太阳能电池板的隔热材料，提高电池板的转换效率。综上所述，轻质硅砖在建筑、冶金、化工、能源等领域都有广泛的应用，其独特的性能优势使其成为高性能建筑材料的首选之一。

  轻质硅砖在耐火冶金方面，主要用于以下场景：

（1）在不与熔渣接触的高温条件下（1500~1550℃）长期使用，如大型高炉热风炉拱顶硅砖内衬的隔热材料，玻璃窑硅砖砌体的隔热材料。

（2）可直接与火焰接触，如轧钢加热炉炉顶。

（3）一般工业窑炉的隔热。

Composition and application of light silicon brick

  Light silicon brick, also known as silicon insulation brick, SiO₂ content of more than 90%, volume density of 0.9~1.1g/cm light silicon refractory products. Also known as silicon heat insulation brick. The refractoriness and load softening temperature are not much different from that of ordinary silicon bricks with the same composition. However, due to many pores, the compressive strength, slag resistance and corrosion resistance are not as good as ordinary silicon bricks, and the thermal shock resistance has been improved.

  The raw materials are generally crystalline quartzite, and flammable substances such as coke, anthracite, sawdust, etc. are added to the ingredients, or porous structures are formed by gas foaming method, and the production process is similar to that of silicon bricks. It is mainly used in various parts of the furnace that require heat insulation or weight reduction without direct contact with the melt, without the action of corrosive gases, and without sudden temperature changes. It is used at high temperature and cannot be in contact with alkaline refractory materials. Depending on the material, its maximum use temperature is 1200 ~ 1550℃.

  Application fields of lightweight silicon brick:

  First, the construction field.

  1.Wall heat insulation: Light silicon brick can be used as building external wall heat insulation material, its low thermal conductivity, low density, low water absorption, can effectively reduce the building’s cold and heat loss, improve energy saving effect.

  2.Interior wall sound insulation and heat insulation: light silicon brick has excellent sound insulation and heat insulation performance, and can be used for the production of indoor partition, sound insulation board and other materials.

  3.Flue, furnace wall, kiln wall and other refractory materials: light silicon brick has high temperature refractory performance, and can be applied to the thermal insulation of flue, furnace wall, kiln wall and other parts of the building.

  Second，Metallurgy

  (1) Iron and steel smelting: Light silicon bricks can be used as refractory materials in iron and steel smelting blast furnace, converter, electric furnace and other parts, with excellent high temperature fire resistance.

  (2) Aluminum electrolyzer: lightweight silicon brick can be used as the lining material of aluminum electrolyzer, which has good corrosion resistance and can extend the service life of the electrolyzer.

  3.Chemical industry.

  (1) Petroleum and chemical storage tanks: lightweight silicon bricks can be used as thermal insulation materials on the inner wall of storage tanks, with excellent corrosion resistance and low thermal conductivity.

  (2) Internal heat insulation of refining unit: light silicon brick can be applied to the internal heat insulation of refining unit to improve the energy efficiency of the unit.

 4.Energy.

  (1) Thermal power plant boiler, chimney: light silicon brick can be applied to thermal power plant boiler, chimney and other parts of the heat insulation, improve energy efficiency.

  (2) Solar panel insulation: lightweight silicon bricks can be used as thermal insulation materials for solar panels to improve the conversion efficiency of the panels. In summary, lightweight silicon brick has a wide range of applications in construction, metallurgy, chemical industry, energy and other fields, and its unique performance advantages make it one of the first choices for high-performance building materials.

  Lightweight silicon brick in refractory metallurgy, mainly used in the following scenarios:

  (1) Long-term use under high temperature conditions (1500~1550 ° C) without contact with slag, such as the thermal insulation material of the silicon brick lining of the vault of the large blast furnace hot blast furnace and the thermal insulation material of the glass kiln silicon brick masonry.

  (2) It can be directly in contact with the flame, such as the top of the rolling furnace.

  (3) Heat insulation of general industrial furnaces.